Patenting of genome research results.

Genome patents: a case study in patenting research tools.

Pending resolution: the question of who owns DNA.

With the emergence of the Human Genome Project and its private counterparts, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has begun receiving applications for the patenting of genes and genetic sequences. Earlier patent decisions regarding similar scientific advances limited patents to organisms "made by the hand of man," which would seem to remove discovered genes from patent protection. But many appl...

Reaching through the genome.

Advances in genomics research have called forth new strategies for patenting DNA sequences. Gene patenting, which began inconspicuously in the early days of the biotechnology industry in the 1970s and 1980s, did not generate significant public controversy until the advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing in the 1990s. By this point, it was such a well-established practice that categorical chal...

The role of patenting activity for scientific research: A study of academic inventors from China's nanotechnology

Scientists from universities are becoming more proactive in their efforts to commercialize research results. Patenting, as an important channel of university knowledge transfer, has initiated a controversy on potential effects for the future of scientific research. This paper contributes to the growing study on the relationship between patenting and publishing among facultymemberswithChina’s ev...

Academic Incentives and Research Organization for Patenting at a Large French University

This article provides an empirical study of the determinants of academic patenting. The data concern more than nine hundred scholars at Université Louis Pasteur in Strasbourg. Our main results show that academic incentives and career issues do not stimulate patenting. Research organization plays a major role for patent production. We find positive effects of laboratory size, of interdisciplinar...

Patenting the human genome.